In a significant development for Lebanon, Prime Minister Nawaf Salam has successfully formed the nation's first comprehensive government since 2022. The announcement, made by President Joseph Aoun, follows the resignation of the previous caretaker government, paving the way for a new era in Lebanese politics. This formation marks a pivotal moment as Lebanon endeavors to overcome various crises and rebuild its infrastructure.
Comprised of 24 ministers, the cabinet is equally divided among Christian and Muslim sects, reflecting Lebanon's unique power-sharing system. The swift establishment of the government, less than a month after Salam's appointment, underscores a pressing need amidst urgent national challenges. One prominent issue is the reconstruction of Lebanon’s southern region, devastated by war between Israel and the Hezbollah group, which concluded with a U.S.-brokered ceasefire in November.
Adding to the complexity is Lebanon’s ongoing economic crisis, now stretching into its sixth year. The nation grapples with severe economic difficulties, including a faltering banking sector, a collapsed state electricity grid, and increasing poverty levels, which have severely restricted access to basic financial resources.
Salam, a seasoned diplomat and former president of the International Court of Justice, has committed to reformative policies aimed at stabilizing Lebanon. Key priorities include revitalizing the judiciary, restoring economic vigor, and consolidating national security. Despite Hezbollah not endorsing Salam, the group engaged in dialogue over the allocation of Shiite Muslim seats in the government, adhering to Lebanon's political framework. This move hints at a strategic shift to balance Hezbollah's influence while pursuing stronger ties with Gulf neighbors like Saudi Arabia, who have been wary of Hezbollah's amplified role.
A related milestone was achieved in January with Joseph Aoun's election as president, filling a long-standing presidential vacancy. Although not backed by Hezbollah or its allies, Aoun shares Salam’s drive for comprehensive reforms, particularly emphasizing the state's exclusive right to military power, suggesting a challenge to Hezbollah's armed presence.
The formation of this government is a hopeful step towards stability, aiming to bridge internal divides and promote regional diplomacy. For Lebanon, strengthening its economic foundation and fostering inclusive governance are critical paths forward in its quest for enduring peace and prosperity.