- Sovereignty transfer agreement concludes 58-year colonial dispute
- Diego Garcia base remains operational under 99-year leaseback
- Displaced islanders pursue legal action over resettlement terms
Britain and Mauritius have reached a landmark agreement resolving one of the longest-running territorial disputes in Commonwealth history. The proposed Chagos Islands sovereignty transfer marks a strategic realignment in Indian Ocean geopolitics, balancing decolonization efforts with ongoing Western military interests. Under the negotiated terms, Mauritius will regain formal control of the archipelago while guaranteeing uninterrupted access to the Diego Garcia strategic airbase through 2123.
The Biden administration's tacit approval signals continued US reliance on this critical military installation. Recent Pentagon reports identify Diego Garcia as essential for monitoring Chinese naval expansion and Middle Eastern operations. This compromise allows Washington to maintain its Indian Ocean surveillance capabilities while London fulfills multiple UN resolutions demanding decolonization.
Legal experts highlight three unprecedented elements in this agreement: the 99-year leaseback provision, proposed £23 million resettlement fund, and binding environmental protections for coral ecosystems. Critics argue the deal sets dangerous precedents for other territorial disputes, with former UK Foreign Secretary David Davis warning it could 'weaken Britain's global negotiating position.'
Chagossian advocacy groups remain divided about the settlement terms. While some welcome compensation measures, exiled community leaders like Bernadette Dugasse demand unrestricted return rights to Diego Garcia itself. Current plans restrict resettlement to outer islands until 2130, citing ongoing base security requirements.
Regional analysts draw parallels to the 1997 Hong Kong handover, where Britain maintained economic privileges post-transfer. Mauritius Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth emphasizes this agreement differs fundamentally by addressing colonial-era injustices. The deal includes provisions for joint marine conservation initiatives and renewable energy partnerships valued at £45 million annually.
Implementation challenges loom as both nations navigate complex ratification processes. The UK Parliament faces pressure from defense hawks to renegotiate lease terms, while Mauritian opposition parties demand greater financial reparations. With monsoon season approaching, logistical preparations for potential resettlement operations remain stalled pending final treaty ratification.
